Drug testing for employment began in the United States during the 1980s, when concerns about drug use in the workplace began to grow. The Federal government passed the Drug-Free Workplace Act in 1988, which required Federal contractors and grantees to maintain drug-free workplaces. Many private sector companies followed suit and began implementing drug testing programs for their employees. Today, drug testing is a common practice in many industries and occupations, and is often required by law or company policy.